Cancer

Underlying Causes and Causal Pathways are Largely Unknown (guess the disease)

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Using high-quality population-based cancer registry data until 2017, this study presents contemporary trends in early-onset colorectal cancer incidence across 50 countries and territories, including 12 additional countries (Argentina, Bahrain, Belarus, Chile, Columbia, Ecuador, France [Martinique], Iceland, Kuwait, the USA [Puerto Rico], Qatar, and Uganda) since the last published report on colorectal cancer incidence trends. The findings show that the rising incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer is no longer limited to high-income countries; it now extends to countries and territories in Latin America and the Caribbean (Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Martinique, and Puerto Rico), Asia (Israel, Japan, Thailand, and Türkiye), and eastern Europe (Belarus). Colorectal cancer incidence trends in younger versus older adults: an analysis of population-based cancer registry data – https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanonc/article/PIIS1470-2045(24)00600-4/fulltext

Yikes.

Prostate Cancer Diagnosis? Eat Less Omega-6 fats and More Omega-3 fats

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To determine whether diet or supplements can play a role in managing prostate cancer, the UCLA-led team conducted a prospective clinical trial, called CAPFISH-3, that included 100 men with low risk or favorable intermediate risk prostate cancer who chose active surveillance. Participants were randomly assigned to either continue their normal diet or follow a low omega-6, high omega-3 diet, supplemented with fish oil, for one year.

The findings, published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, show that a diet low in omega-6 and high in omega-3 fatty acids, combined with fish oil supplements, significantly reduced the growth rate of prostate cancer cells in men with early-stage disease.

University of California – Los Angeles Health Sciences. “A low omega-6, omega-3 rich diet and fish oil may slow prostate cancer growth.” ScienceDaily. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/12/241213211326.htm (accessed December 13, 2024)

Another reminder I should get my PSA level checked.

Prostate Cancer Diagnosis? Eat More Veggies

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In this cohort study of 2062 men with prostate cancer, higher intake of plant foods after prostate cancer diagnosis was associated with lower risk of cancer progression. These findings suggest nutritional assessment and counseling may be recommended to patients with prostate cancer to help establish healthy dietary practices and support well-being and overall health. Plant-Based Diets and Disease Progression in Men With Prostate Cancer – https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2818122

This reminds me I should get my PSA level checked at my next annual visit.

Last reading was 0.64 back in 2022.

Multifocal Positive Margins After Prostate Cancer Surgery

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In Cox multivariable analyses, compared with negative surgical margins, positive surgical margins were significantly associated with a 1.7- and 2.2-fold increased risk of cancer-specific and all-cause mortality, respectively, in patients with intermediate-risk and high-risk disease, respectively, Ugo Giovanni Falagario, MD, of Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, and colleagues reported in European Urology Oncology. Positive surgical margins were also significantly associated with a 1.8-fold increased risk of adverse pathologic characteristics, including Grade group 4 or higher, pT3 or higher, pN1, or PSA persistence. Multifocal Positive Margins After Prostate Cancer Surgery Up Mortality Risks – https://www.renalandurologynews.com/news/multifocal-positive-margins-after-prostate-cancer-surgery-up-mortality-risks/

Reference:

Pellegrino F, Falagario UG, Knipper S, et al; ERUS Scientific Working Group on Prostate Cancer of the European Association of Urology. Assessing the impact of positive surgical margins on mortality in patients who underwent robotic radical prostatectomy: 20 Years’ report from the EAU Robotic Urology Section Scientific Working Group. Eur Urol Oncol. 2024 Aug;7(4):888-896. doi:10.1016/j.euo.2023.11.021

Gut Bacteria May Drive Colorectal Cancer Risk

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The researchers found signs that a high-fat, low-fiber diet may increase inflammation in the gut that prevents it from naturally suppressing tumors. The cells of young people with colorectal cancer also appeared to have aged more quickly — by 15 years on average — than a person’s actual age. That’s unusual, because older people with colorectal cancer don’t have the same boost in cellular aging.

The rate of colorectal cancer among young people has been rising at an alarming rate, according to a 2023 report from the American Cancer Society. In 2019, 1 in 5 colorectal cancer cases were among people younger than 55. That’s up from 1 in 10 in 1995, which means the rate has doubled in less than 30 years. Young People’s Gut Bacteria May Drive Colorectal Cancer Risk – Medscape – June 06, 2024 — https://www.medscape.com/s/viewarticle/young-peoples-gut-bacteria-may-drive-colorectal-cancer-risk-2024a1000amd?src=rss

Yikes.

Diet Until Proven Otherwise

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According to a study published in BMC Medicine, men who ate the most plant-based foods had a 22 percent reduced risk of colon cancer, compared with those who ate the least. Eating a plant-based diet increases consumption of fiber and antioxidants associated with cancer prevention, while simultaneously avoiding the compounds in animal products linked to cancer risk. It has long been known that people who avoid meat are at reduced risk.

The power of nutrition in cancer prevention — https://www.kevinmd.com/2024/02/the-power-of-nutrition-in-cancer-prevention.html

Also schedule that colonoscopy you’ve been putting off.

Do people change their eating habits after a diagnosis of cancer? A systematic review.  — Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics Notes

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The JHND Editor’s Pick for February 2022 is a systematic review  by Amal Aldossari, Jana Sremanakova, Anne Marie Sowerbutts, Debra Jones, Mark Hann and Sorrel Burden. This is a very timely review of the evidence as the numbers of people who are now living with and beyond cancer is at a historic high. Whilst 1 in 2 adults […]

Do people change their eating habits after a diagnosis of cancer? A systematic review.  — Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics Notes

Exposome! (I Learned a New Word Today)

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In an extensive review, the team found that the early life exposome, which encompasses one’s diet, lifestyle, weight, environmental exposures, and microbiome, has changed substantially in the last several decades. Thus, they hypothesized that factors like the westernized diet and lifestyle may be contributing to the early-onset cancer epidemic…

Possible risk factors for early-onset cancer included alcohol consumption, sleep deprivation, smoking, obesity, and eating foods. Surprisingly, researchers found that while adult sleep duration hasn’t drastically changed over the several decades, children are getting far less sleep today than they were decades ago. Risk factors such as highly-processed foods, sugary beverages, obesity, type 2 diabetes, sedentary lifestyle, and alcohol consumption have all significantly increased since the 1950s, which researchers speculate has accompanied altered microbiome.

Cancers in adults under 50 on the rise globally – https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/09/220906161454.htm. Brigham and Women’s Hospital. “Cancers in adults under 50 on the rise globally: Researchers identify risks factors and trends behind an increasing incidence of early-onset cancers around the world.” ScienceDaily. (accessed September 7, 2022).

I’ve been cooking a lot this week and decided to give myself a break tonight. Grab a burger maybe some pizza.

Then I read this article.

Maybe I will cook tonight.