diabetes

Effect of Body Mass Index on Insulin Secretion or Sensitivity and Diabetes – American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Effect of Body Mass Index on Insulin Secretion or Sensitivity and Diabetes – American Journal of Preventive Medicine.

Background

Although the association between obesity and diabetes is well known, the factors predisposing to diabetes in non-obese Asians are less clearly characterized.

Conclusions

Individuals with normal BMI may develop diabetes mainly through IIS, whereas individuals with high BMI may develop diabetes primarily through IR.

I am so screwed.

Body Mass Index and the Risk of All-Cause Mortality Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

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Body Mass Index and the Risk of All-Cause Mortality Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Conclusions—The current study indicated a U-shaped association of BMI with all-cause mortality risk among African American and white patients with type 2 diabetes. A significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality was observed among African Americans with BMI<30 kg/m2 and BMI ≥35 kg/m2, and among whites with BMI<25 kg/m2 and BMI ≥40 kg/m2 compared with patients with BMI 30-34.9 kg/m2.

Diet Soda May Alter Our Gut Microbes And Raise The Risk Of Diabetes : The Salt : NPR

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Now, a new study published in the journal Nature introduces a new idea: Diet sodas may alter our gut microbes in a way that increases the risk of metabolic diseases such as Type 2 diabetes — at least in some of us.

In the paper, researchers at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel describe what happened when they fed zero-calorie sweeteners, including saccharin, aspartame and sucralose, to mice.

“To our surprise, [the mice] developed glucose intolerance,” Weizmann researcher Eran Elinav tells us.

Artificial sweeteners induce glucose intolerance by altering the gut microbiota : Nature : Nature Publishing Group.

Diet Soda May Alter Our Gut Microbes And Raise The Risk Of Diabetes : The Salt : NPR.

Diabetes and the Heart: Risk Greater in Women

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Diabetes and the Heart: Risk Greater in Women.

Data from 64 studies with both male and female participants yielded a 44% greater multiple-adjusted relative risk ratio (RRR) for incident coronary heart disease (CHD) in women compared with men (RRR 1.44, 95% CI 1.27-1.63), Rachel Huxley, DPhil, of the University of Queensland in Sydney, Australia, and colleagues found.

Pooled data from 52 studies indicated that women also had a 44% greater chance than men of dying from fatal CHD associated with diabetes, Huxley and colleagues reported online in the journal Diabetologia.

Q&A – A1C Levels

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Reprinted from Johns Hopkins Health Alert Email

A reader asks, “I’m 72 and my HbA1c level is usually around 8.0 percent, which my doctor says is fine. Should I be taking medication to get it below 7.0 percent?” Here’s our answer.

Not necessarily. Striving for an HbA1c level below 7.0 percent is the goal for many nonpregnant adults with diabetes. However, less aggressive goals may be appropriate for certain groups of patients, including older adults with multiple comorbidities or decreased functional status, or who are at high risk for hypoglycemia.

It remains unclear the degree to which “tight control” benefits older adults given that earlier studies of intensive glucose control in diabetes excluded elderly patients. Indeed, tight control may cause harm, such as hypoglycemia and potentially higher mortality, as suggested in recent studies of older individuals — for example, in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study.

Current advice. The American Geriatrics Society advises adults over 65 who are healthy to aim for an HbA1c between 7.0 and 7.5 percent. If your life expectancy is less than 10 years and you have other chronic conditions, such as heart or kidney disease, a goal of 7.5 to 8.0 percent might be appropriate.

For those with a shorter life expectancy who are being treated for multiple medical conditions, an HbA1c of 8.0 to 9.0 may be reasonable.

However, otherwise healthy and robust older adults may benefit from glycemic targets similar to those recommended for younger adults (HbA1c less than 7 percent). In general, goals of care should be individualized for each patient.