OncoBriefs: Hookah Risk, Brain Cancer, Lung Cancer.
Urinary concentration of the benzene metabolite S-phenylmercapturic acid (SPMA) was more than four times greater in hookah smokers and two times greater in people exposed to secondhand hookah smoke, when compared with people who had no exposure. The findings put a damper on enthusiasm for hookah as a safer alternative to cigarettes, as reported online in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention.
JAMA Network | JAMA | Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease and Risk of Myocardial Infarction.
Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort of patients undergoing elective coronary angiography, nonobstructive CAD, compared with no apparent CAD, was associated with a significantly greater 1-year risk of MI and all-cause mortality. These findings suggest clinical importance of nonobstructive CAD and warrant further investigation of interventions to improve outcomes among these patients.
Snorting bupropion | The Poison Review.
The abuse of bupropion by pulverizing and snorting the medication has been described at least as far back as 2002. Bupropion inhibits re-uptake of dopamine and norepinephrine, but apparently has little or no effect on serotonin. It is abused for its psychotropic effects that resemble those of amphetamine and cocaine..
A hallmark of overdose with sustained-release or extended-release bupropion formulations is delayed onset of seizures — sometimes more than 8 hours after ingestion. When these preparations are crushed and insufflated, absorption is rapid and manifestations would be expected to come on more quickly.
– See more at: http://www.thepoisonreview.com/2014/11/12/snorting-bupropion/#sthash.35NLtujG.dpuf
Background
Although the association between obesity and diabetes is well known, the factors predisposing to diabetes in non-obese Asians are less clearly characterized.
Conclusions
Individuals with normal BMI may develop diabetes mainly through IIS, whereas individuals with high BMI may develop diabetes primarily through IR.
I am so screwed.
Body Mass Index and the Risk of All-Cause Mortality Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.
Conclusions—The current study indicated a U-shaped association of BMI with all-cause mortality risk among African American and white patients with type 2 diabetes. A significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality was observed among African Americans with BMI<30 kg/m2 and BMI ≥35 kg/m2, and among whites with BMI<25 kg/m2 and BMI ≥40 kg/m2 compared with patients with BMI 30-34.9 kg/m2.
Let’s Stop the Unnecessary Treatment of Heart Disease.
A recent population-based prospective studyof Swedish men suggested almost four of five MIs in men could be preventable.[1](That’s not a typo.) Researchers from the Institute of Environmental Medicine in Stockholm, Sweden, followed 20 721 men from 1997 to 2009. They specifically asked about five modifiable lifestyle behaviors: a healthy diet, moderate alcohol consumption, no smoking, being physically active, and having no abdominal fat (waist circumference.) There were 1361 cases of MI in the 11-year follow-up period.
heartwire journalist Michael O’Riordan recaps the details of the study here. The short story was that each of the five low-risk behaviors independently reduced the chance of having a heart attack. Not smoking was the strongest risk reducer. Men who combined all five behaviors were 86% less likely than those who had zero behaviors to have a heart attack.
Yikes!
Neurotoxicity with Antimicrobials in the Elderly: A Review – Clinical Therapeutics.
Various antimicrobial classes are implicated with neurotoxicity. The classes with the most reported cases include fluoroquinolones, macrolides, sulfonamides, nitrofurans, and β-lactams. A higher risk of developing various symptoms of neurotoxicity was found in the elderly with use of piperacillin and tazobactam, cephalosporins, carbapenems, aminoglycosides, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, nitrofurantoin, linezolid, and possibly the fluoroquinolones. Potential mechanisms of neurotoxicity differ between the agents. The etiology of neurotoxicity with some agents is not fully elucidated. Incidence may increase with reported risk factors, renal dysfunction, or drug interactions.
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