Note this is an observational study and causality should not be assumed.
Abnormal levels of serum calcium are associated with increased mortality in patients with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease, an observational study found.
A one mg/dL elevation in baseline calcium levels was associated with a multivariable adjusted hazard ratio for mortality of 1.31 (95% CI 1.13 to 1.53, P<0.001), according to Csaba P. Kovesdy, MD, of the Salem, Va., Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and colleagues.
There also was a significant interaction between elevated baseline calcium level and the presence of cardiovascular disease, which raised the hazard ratio to 1.58 (95% CI 1.29 to 1.94, P<0.001), the researchers reported online in the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
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